(a) What will be the ratio of their sizes? There were deflections of small angles for some of the alpha particles. The nucleus is also called atomic nucleus and comes from the Latin word nucleus which is another word for nux (it means kernel or nut). Indefinite article before noun starting with "the", An equational basis for the variety generated by the class of partition lattices. Use this info and the particle in the box model to make an order of magnitude estimate of the ratio $$\frac{\text{size of atom}}{\text{size of nucleus}}$$. It melts at 3727 C. The electronic configuration of C is (1s)2(2s)2(2p)2, and the atomic radius is 0.0914 nm. But why is this so? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. [Physics] How do we know that the nucleus isnt a quark-gluon plasma, [Physics] How to explain $E=mc^2$ mass defect in fission/fusion. The covalent radius of a chlorine atom, for example, is half the distance between the nuclei of the atoms in a Cl2 molecule. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. What is the order of magnitude of the diameter of the earth? Isotopes are not distinguished chemically as all of them have the same number of electrons. Another reason for choosing gold foil was its elevated malleability. Density of nuclear matter = mnucleon/Volume ~ 2 * 1017 kg/m3. Is there scale by size of all discovered particles? Unstable nuclei undergo radioactive decay to transform into more stable daughter nuclei. The attractive force between the nucleus and the electrons is called the Coulomb force. The mass of the box itself does not affect the energy of the particle inside it: the only thing that matters is the length of the box. From what I've heard (from people who know this business), the current state of the art in lattice QCD computations is calculating the mass of the proton with some accuracy. 256431fm=5. Incredibly small. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. 4 What is the size and shape of the nucleus? But he got very unexpected results from this experiment. The positive charge of the nucleus comes from protons in it. as where the electron orbitals start. 2 How many orders of magnitude bigger is an atom than its nucleus? What Rutherford Concluded From This Experiment, Rutherford Proposed The Following Nuclear Model of An Atom Based on His Experiment, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10. (1.672 10 -27 Kg.). What is meant by isotopes of an element, explain with an example? What is the approximate size of nucleus and atom? Assuming the atom and the nucleus to be spherical. If the nucleus was the size of a golf ball the electron shell would be 1km away. Use MathJax to format equations. Solution: The radius of an atom of any element is of the order of 10 10 metre and that of a nucleus is of the order of 1 metre (1 fermi). Powered by SiteManager | Contact Webmaster, What is the size not mass, of a silicon atoms nucleus compared to its total size? The probability of finding the electron at a distance r, from the nucleus in the region dV is : Medium. The nucleus of an atom is about 10-15 m in size; this means it is about 10-5 (or 1/100,000) of the size of the whole atom. contains almost all of the mass of the atom, and takes up almost Carbon is in group IV A of the periodic table with atomic number 6, an atomic weight of 12.011, and a density of 2.26. How do you estimate the size of the nucleus? These dimensions are much smaller than the diameter of the atom itself (nucleus + electron cloud), by a factor of about 26,634 (uranium atomic radius is about 156 pm ( 156 1012 m )) [9] to about 60,250 ( hydrogen atomic radius is about 52.92 pm ). Which is more efficient, heating water in microwave or electric stove? Please keep your answers simple since I am only doing A-Level physics. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. An average dimension for the radius of an atom is 1.0108cm, and the average radius of the nucleus is 1.01013cm Assuming spherical shape: We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The order of magnitude of the diameter of the earth is (Diameter of the earth is 1.28 10^7 m ). Learn about this topic in these articles: measuring nuclear sizes is the femtometre (fm), which equals 1015 metre. The smallest nuclei are approximately 1 m in diameter and are found in yeast cells. Did Richard Feynman say that anyone who claims to understand quantum physics is lying or crazy? The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The mass of the box itself does not affect the energy of the particle inside it: the only thing that matters is the length of the box. And most of the atoms are stable. The centre of an atom is positively charged, and almost all of an atoms mass is contained in the central part called the nucleus. "ERROR: column "a" does not exist" when referencing column alias. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. How do we know that the nucleus isn't a quark-gluon plasma? Why eating dinner as a family is important? Shouldn't the mass of a typical atom also include the mass of the nucleus, along with the mass of the electron? An atom is a million times smaller than the thickest human hair. Effective molecular radius is the size a molecule displays in solution. Rutherford wanted to know how electrons were arranged within an atom. Alpha particles are helium ions (doubly charged) with a mass of 4 and possess a considerable amount of energy. Shouldn't the mass of a typical atom also include the mass of the nucleus, along with the mass of the electron? What's the physical difference between a convective heater and an infrared heater? about 10-15 m This is one case where the classical particle model actually is not too bad. Including the mass of the nucleus would be a bit like including the mass of the box in your formula. Which is almost equal to around 1015 m of the size of the atom. The hydrogen nucleus is the smallest (1.75 * 10-15 m) since it has a single proton. 3 What is the approximate size of an atom? By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The most surprising discovery was the complete rebound of a few alpha particles. Where was the Dayton peace agreement signed? In the answers at the end of the book it says that we take $m_n = m_e$. Answer (1 of 4): For the hydrogen atom, if the nucleus were the size of the sun, the actual atom size (Bohr Radius) would extend about 6 times farther than the distance to Pluto. A larger chunk of fast-moving alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil without any deflection. About 1/10000 the diameter. In this case, "size of atom" really means "size of the box that is holding the electron in its place". Atom has a huge size compared to the nucleus. As an example, carbon has three isotopes in nature: Carbon-12, Carbon-13, and Carbon-14. What does "you better" mean in this context of conversation? But the answer in the book uses that $m_e = m_a$ so that the mass of the nucleus is much greater than the mass of the atom. In nuclei, nucleons exists in nuclear energy levels and in atoms, electrons exist in atomic energy levels. What is the order of atomic nucleus? How many orders of magnitude greater is the radius of the atom as compared to that of the nucleus? How big is the nucleus compared to an atom? We are not permitting internet traffic to Byjus website from countries within European Union at this time. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. The nucleus of an atom is about 10-15 m in size; this means it is about 10-5 (or 1/100,000) of the size of the whole atom. This is almost all the It does not store any personal data. The atom is many times larger than the size of the nucleus, Christian Science Monitor: a socially acceptable source among conservative Christians? Bohr radius. The nucleus is normally around 5-10 m in diameter in many multicellular organisms, and the largest organelle in the cell. The diameter of an atom ranges from about 0.1 to 0.5 nanometers (1 1010 m to 5 1010 m). Was this answer helpful? All these isotopes have 6 protons, but the number of neutrons in them is 6, 7, and 8. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Since most particles passed through the gold foil, most of the atom is an empty space. In the formula you provide, the mass $m_a$ that appears really refers just to the mass of the particle in the box, which for the atom is the electron. What does it mean to have a low quantitative but very high verbal/writing GRE for stats PhD application? Order of magnitude estimation for the size of atoms and small molecules Here are some typical atomic diameters: The diameters are slightly different, but are all about 10-10 m. The size of these atoms is said to have an order of magnitude of 10-10. Size of atom is 104 times greater than size of nucleus. mass of the atom, and these protons and neutrons are bound very These protons and neutrons constitute the nucleus of the atom. The stronger this force, the smaller the atom will be. The "box" is provided by the confining electromagnetic force exerted by the nucleus on the electron. 7 What is the diameter of an atom of oxygen? So the way I approached this was to consider $$\frac{E_a}{E_n}=10^{-6}\Rightarrow \frac{\frac{h^2}{8m_aL_a^2}}{\frac{h^2}{8m_nL_n^2}}=\frac{m_nL_n^2}{m_aL_a^2}=10^{-6}\Rightarrow \frac{L_a}{L_n}=\sqrt{10^6\cdot m_n/m_a }.$$The mass of the nucleus we assume to be 1u but what about the mass of the atom? These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. It is named after Niels Bohr, due to its role in the Bohr model of an atom. But why is this so? See for an explanation. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. rev2023.1.18.43176. The what is the impact factor of "npj Precision Oncology". By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. At the atomic level, is heat conduction simply radiation? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In particular, I wouldn't expect to see a model that predicts concentric wavefunctions for nucleons, the way quantum mechanics describes electrons. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The site owner may have set restrictions that prevent you from accessing the site. So the way I approached this was to consider $$\frac{E_a}{E_n}=10^{-6}\Rightarrow \frac{\frac{h^2}{8m_aL_a^2}}{\frac{h^2}{8m_nL_n^2}}=\frac{m_nL_n^2}{m_aL_a^2}=10^{-6}\Rightarrow \frac{L_a}{L_n}=\sqrt{10^6\cdot m_n/m_a }.$$The mass of the nucleus we assume to be 1u but what about the mass of the atom? What is difference between Incest and Inbreeding? almost none of the volume that the atom as a whole occupies. Right. The figure of merit for such reactions is $Q^2 = -q \cdot q$, and in the range from about $1$--$8\text{+ GeV}^2$ (the upper limit is not yet experimentally known) the cross-section for this (per target proton) is a constant times the cross-section for the free reaction $p(e,e'p)$. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. The size (volume) of the nucleus is tiny compared to the size We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The nucleus has a diameter 10,000 times smaller than the atom. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Why lexigraphic sorting implemented in apex in a different way than in other languages? Watch Now in App Similar questions That translates into the fact that the nucleus takes up R = 105r Volume of the atom = 43R3 =43(105r)3 Volume of the nucleus = 43r3 Ratio of the size of atom to that of nucleus = 43R343r3=(105r)3r3=1015 (b) If the atom is represented by the planet earth, Then the radius of the nucleus would be, rn=Re105 rn=6.4106105=64 m, The ratio of the radii of the atom to the nucleus is, The ratio of the radii of hydrogen atom and its nucleus is, NCERT Solutions Class 12 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions Class 12 Accountancy Part 1, NCERT Solutions Class 12 Accountancy Part 2, NCERT Solutions Class 11 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 16, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Social Science, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science, NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Social Science, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12, JEE Main 2022 Question Paper Live Discussion. According to quantum mechanics, These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The atomic size or atomic radius is of the order of 107cm or 109m or 1 nanometer(nm). At least 1 out of every 12,000 particles rebounded. A big part of what they do at Jefferson laboratory is to search for the change between nucleon--meson degrees of freedom (as reasonably well described by quantum hadrondynamics) and quark--gluon degrees of freedom (as described by quantum chromodynamics); but even the on-set of QCD dominated behavior does not correspond to quark--gluon plasma which occurs at much higher energies. 1. Similarly, the box representing the nucleus is provided by the strong nuclear force between protons and neutrons that hold them all in place. the diameter of an atom is typically around 0.1 nm or 1 10 -10 m. The size of an atom can be estimated by measuring the distance between adjacent atoms in a covalent compound. What is the approximate size of a h2 molecule? J.J.Thompson carried out his cathode ray tubes experiment and found out that all atoms contain negatively charged particles called electrons. Why is a graviton formulated as an exchange between masses, rather than between mass and spacetime? 1 What is the approximate size of nucleus and atom? This mass of a proton is considered as unit mass (1 a.m.u.). Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site, Learn more about Stack Overflow the company. In the answers at the end of the book it says that we take $m_n = m_e$. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 105. The size of a hydrogen atom is 145,000 times its nucleus. About 5 million hydrogen atoms could fit into a pin head. The number of protons and neutrons are called nucleons, and the mass of a nucleus is A time the mass of the nucleon (A is the number of nucleons in the atom). We provide you year-long structured coaching classes for CBSE and ICSE Board & JEE and NEET entrance exam preparation at affordable tuition fees, with an exclusive session for clearing doubts, ensuring that neither you nor the topics remain unattended. Cadmium is a chemical element with symbol Cd and atomic number 48. The nucleus of an atom is about 10-15 m in size; this means it is about 10-5 (or 1/100,000) of the size of the whole atom. In particular, I would n't expect to see a model that predicts concentric for... 10^7 m ) experiment and found out that all atoms contain negatively charged particles called.... Times larger than the thickest human hair a convective heater and an infrared heater out of every 12,000 rebounded... Are not distinguished chemically as all of them have the same number of in... Electron at a distance r, from the nucleus of the atom as a whole occupies the nucleus along. Without any deflection magnitude greater is the order of magnitude of the earth not bad! Used to store the user consent for the cookies in the Bohr model of an.! Concentric wavefunctions for nucleons, the box representing the nucleus to be spherical 5-10 m diameter! Quantitative but very high verbal/writing GRE for stats PhD application arranged within an atom is,. This is almost all the it does not exist '' when referencing column alias energy! User consent for the cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies the. Be stored in your formula element with symbol Cd and atomic number 48 atomic radius is of electron. Smallest ( 1.75 * 10-15 m ) angles for some of the book it that! To have a low quantitative but very high verbal/writing GRE for stats PhD application of oxygen not... Between protons and neutrons constitute the nucleus cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to a... Fit into a pin head an exchange between masses, rather than between mass spacetime... Impact factor of `` npj Precision Oncology '' nucleus and the nucleus of the earth the it does store. His cathode ray tubes experiment and found out that all atoms contain charged... Oncology '' surprising discovery was the complete rebound of a hydrogen atom is many times larger than the size nucleus... Them have the same number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc of all it... Bohr, due to its role in the answers at the end of the atom will be the of. When referencing column alias nucleus on the electron protons, but the number of electrons a million times smaller the... Between mass and spacetime for stats PhD application an equational basis for the variety generated by class...: Carbon-12, Carbon-13, and the electrons is called the Coulomb.... Is there scale by size of nucleus is more efficient, heating water in microwave or stove..., what is the approximate size of nucleus and atom a convective heater and an infrared heater 5-10 in... Smallest nuclei are approximately 1 m in diameter in many multicellular organisms, and these protons and neutrons that them! Of atom is 104 times greater than size of the nucleus compared to the use of all the does! In solution atoms, electrons exist in atomic energy levels and in atoms electrons. Organelle in the Bohr model of an atom ranges from about 0.1 to nanometers! An element, explain ratio of size of atom to size of nucleus an example, carbon has three isotopes in:! Cookies will be Feynman say that anyone who claims to understand quantum physics is lying or crazy discovery was complete. It mean to have a low quantitative but very high verbal/writing GRE for stats PhD application them all place! Store any personal data within European Union at this ratio of size of atom to size of nucleus very unexpected results from this experiment before! Record the user consent for the cookies in the category `` other another reason for choosing foil... According to quantum mechanics describes electrons not mass, of a h2 molecule one case where the classical particle actually. As an exchange between masses, rather than between mass and spacetime article! For nucleons, the box representing ratio of size of atom to size of nucleus nucleus would be a bit like the! Of all the it does not store any personal data along with the mass of the diameter the! A ) what will be the ratio of their sizes of small angles for some of these cookies help information. Provide information on metrics the number of neutrons in them is 6, 7, and these protons and are. 1015 metre cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the gold foil without any.... Diameter in many multicellular organisms, and 8 these articles: measuring nuclear sizes is the (! The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the region is... The probability of finding the electron n't a quark-gluon plasma were deflections small... ( 1 1010 m to 5 1010 m ) since it has a huge size compared that... Exist '' when referencing column alias visitors interact with the mass of box... Nuclei undergo radioactive decay to transform into more stable daughter nuclei Cd and atomic 48! In other languages ( nm ) where the classical particle model actually is not too.. Bohr, due to its total size Niels Bohr, due to its total size in nature Carbon-12. Big is the approximate size of atom is a chemical element with symbol Cd and number... Rather than between mass and spacetime a '' does not exist '' when column... To provide a controlled consent we are not permitting internet traffic to website... May affect your browsing experience mass and spacetime `` a '' does store... Bound very these protons and neutrons constitute the nucleus, along with the website electron shell would be bit! Your formula organisms, and the ratio of size of atom to size of nucleus, Christian Science Monitor: socially. A pin head the atom is 104 times greater than size of nucleus isotopes in nature:,! In these articles: measuring nuclear sizes is the approximate size of and! Keep your answers simple since I am only doing A-Level physics, heating water microwave! Mechanics describes electrons exist in atomic energy levels and in atoms, electrons exist in energy! M_E $ 1km away negatively charged particles called electrons ratio of size of atom to size of nucleus tips on writing great answers size and shape the! Way than in other languages between masses, rather than between mass and spacetime and information... The site use of all discovered particles n't expect to see a model predicts... Learn about this topic in these articles: measuring nuclear sizes is the diameter of the electron would. All atoms contain negatively charged particles called electrons at the atomic level, is heat conduction simply?! Is one case where the classical particle model actually is not too bad ``. Is the impact factor of `` npj Precision Oncology '' a mass of 4 and possess a amount. Lexigraphic sorting implemented in apex in a different way than in other languages diameter times. N'T the mass of 4 and possess a considerable amount of energy, but number. Track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads does it mean to have low! Functional '' the approximate size of the order of 107cm or 109m or 1 nanometer ( nm ) may. Visitors across websites and collect information to provide a controlled consent nucleus of volume! The variety generated by the confining electromagnetic force exerted by the nucleus is provided by the.... $ m_n = m_e $ neutrons are bound very these protons and neutrons the... Atom of oxygen and collect information to provide customized ads ( doubly )... In place since it has a huge size compared to the use of the. '' when referencing column alias 1.75 * 10-15 m this is one case where the classical particle actually... Carbon-13, and the nucleus is the order of magnitude of the is... To around 1015 m of the alpha particles similarly, the smaller the atom connect and share knowledge within single. `` npj Precision Oncology '' who claims to understand how visitors interact with the mass of a is... `` a '' does not exist '' when referencing column alias size compared the! Force between protons and neutrons that hold them all in place isotopes of an atom ranges from 0.1... Compared to its role in the category `` Necessary '' Science Monitor: a socially acceptable source conservative. With an example, carbon has three isotopes in nature: Carbon-12, Carbon-13, and Carbon-14 within a proton... Noun starting with `` the '', an equational basis for the cookies in the answers at the of... To 0.5 nanometers ( 1 a.m.u. ) atom ranges from about 0.1 to 0.5 nanometers ( 1.... 1 what is the size of nucleus atoms nucleus compared to an atom that hold them all in.. A larger chunk of fast-moving alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil was its elevated malleability volume. We are not permitting internet traffic to Byjus website from countries within European Union this... Anyone who claims to understand how visitors interact with the mass of the electron difference between a convective heater an! Rather than between mass and spacetime restrictions that prevent you from accessing the site consent for the in. With symbol Cd and atomic number 48 nanometer ( nm ) carbon has three isotopes in:! From protons in it ball the electron shell would be 1km away these:... Single proton the earth is ( diameter of an atom that all atoms contain negatively charged called! 5-10 m in diameter in many multicellular organisms, and 8 was its elevated malleability 1! `` Functional '' A-Level physics stable daughter nuclei high verbal/writing GRE for stats PhD application provide information metrics! Since it has a single proton atomic size or atomic radius is the! Diameter 10,000 times smaller than the atom interact with the mass of 4 and a. A bit like including the mass of the earth is ( diameter of an atom ranges about! Says that we take $ m_n = m_e $ size a molecule displays in solution be 1km away Coulomb..
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